Fluid-pressure-driven pump.



C. G. WELD.

FLUID PRESSURE DUIVEN PUMP.

APPLICATION IILED APR.

' Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

Wwf.

CARLEY GOULD WELD, 0F N OBTH CHATHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

VFLUID-PRESSURE-DIB'IVEN PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

Application led April 25, 1911. Serial N o. 623,181.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARLEY GOULD WELD, a citizen of the United States, residing in North Chatham, in the county of Barnstable and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certa-in' new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Pressure-Driven Pumps, of which the following is a full, clear,'and exact specification.

My invention relates to pumps of the character Which are designed for attachment to one cylinder of a multicylinder internal combustion engine, and actuated `by the compression thereof for the purpose'of creating compressed fluid. The pump of the present invention is designed more particularly for use on automobile engines as a means for tire inflation. Pumps of this general type, as heretofore known have been constructed as single acting'or onestage compression pumps. Such pumps have been vprovidedY with a single compression cylinder, charged with Huidl at atmospheric pressure upon the suction or inactive stroke of the pump piston, said Huid being compressed and forced to the tire by the active or compressing excursion of the piston. These single stage or simple pumps -are more or less eflicacious when used for inflating automobile tires of the smaller sizes, Which require but a relatively small volume of fluid under a low pressure, but they are slow in operation and are not well suited to supplyin' the large volumes of air at high pressures required for the inflation of tires of large size.

My invention has for its object the pi'oduction of an improved pump which \vithout increase in size or undue complication of parts ivill operate with greater efficiencyy than the simple or one stage pumps previousl'v employed and lwhich will compress larger volumes of air to adequate pressures with greater rapidity, so that it can be ein ployed for the satisfactory inflation of pneumatic tires of any size to any required or desired pressure. To the accomplishment of this object, I have produced a pump having a coi'npressioncylinder or chamber, which is supplied with a pre-compressed charge offluid preferably by the actuation of the engine piston operating in the cylinder to which the pump is attached, this preccmpressed charge being subsequently acted upon by the pump piston and further coml l l l pressed and forced thereby to the tire desired to be inliated. In the preferred embodiment of my invention I initially compress the fluid by the directaction of the engine piston, utilizing the engine compression to supply the charge to the compression cylinder of the pump as well as utilizing it for actuating the pump piston to raise the pre-compressed charge to a high pressure and deliver it to the tire. By this arrangement a compound or multiple stage compression is accomplished which makes possible the delivery to the tire of a much greater volume of air without enlargement of the pump chambers, than is obtainable with a single stage pump. At the same time this highly advantageous result is achieved without complication of parts and With apparatus which may be connected to and operated from but a single cylinder of the engine. I do not Wish to be limited to the illustrated and described embodiment of my invention, however, which is set forth by Way of example only, as the desired compound action may be secured in other Ways.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical cross-sectional view of an apparatus illustrating one preferable embodiment of my invention, the pump being shown associated with a fragmentaryy detail of one cylinder of an internal combustin engine with its reciprocating piston. F ig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the Whole engine with the pump applied to one cylinder thereof.

The pump as shown is of the differential type, and is provided with a screw-threaded end 3, which is adapted for screw-threaded connection with the spark plug opening or other suitable opening of the cylinder 30 of the engine by which the pump is to be operated. The differential pump cylinders are indicated by the numerals l and 2; l being what may be termed the power cylinder or chamber and 2 being the compression cylinder. These may facture be connected together through the. medium of screwthreads as shown or the esL parts may be formed in any other suitable I manner. Positioned Within the respective cylinders are the differential pistons 6 and 7, which are operatively connected together.y preferably by means of a hollow piston rod 8, so that they will operate in unison. The chamber of the lower cylinder 1 is separated The use of u breather 2 1,114,659 from the ohnnzier of the upper cylinder L l rane were not used, by suitable menus such as the`- separe-ttor vulve or other nieuw member Ai6 and packing l5 which surr-"iu'n-ls the piston rod 5?. The hollow pieton rod affords a communicating pas. ,wie from the power side of the piston (S tome lower .Ji-le of the piston 7.- ".lhis passage is rontroihui by u Check 'rnlre '195 Whit'ih is held to its sent byr gravit;7 and h v the pressure of the spring 20, which is supported and held in alinement by the rod 2l. Ports 2"'3 nro provided which lead from the 'passage lei to side of the piston l'. The piston 7 in ollieei. divides the compression rylinder if: into two bambi-irs, that, :have the piston being the compression chamber from which the nir forced to the tire, while that below the piston may chalutier, which receives the premompressofl air frointhe engine. Cylinder or other source. or which in @eine cases may the lower i,

1 trhlit illustrated in he termed the iressure s orme 1.

Y r i i some part of the engine.

he the chamber g in which the pre-compression taires piece, i

and which holds such pre-compressed iur until it ie passed into the compression rheinber. 1n .some embodiments of the invention such for exemple as that illustrated, this pressure storage chamber also :n power Chamber us the pressure in it efleeists in mov-- ing the dit'erential piston member ot the pump. When pumps of this general type are used in connection with automobile engines, it preferable to operate the engine under u low or moderate speed in order that the floating ditl'ei-entinl pump pieton. inni" keep step with the eti'ertiye power strotef. of the engine, piston. ln other vanuit. tu` engine piston fir-uv he operated so fest us to hatch the punip pi'wton nsleep" anni it, will then fail. to nieren-.i ln throttlingr the en gine down, the commer-,sion of the engine, is materially reduced o 'ingr to its inability to obtain through suvtion the4 required :iniount ot' gas to initially ohtfain :in atmospheric urey preg'isirntorj; tf: they pistons omns yion etrolze. In order to romponfete for ihk; l provide ,fin ui" iulrt. or what, :nur term u inw r""is Juive is' ron *her reir i the 'fonnertiuj; euri mit und nini' ronulirie fi hull 50 :it 5l hy :1 light epriugr 52` "i" "Y hull or ehe-oir controls the pussug'e r3' :ihif'h efmimunioites; with the engine rjvlinder hy way of the passage i. lr will he digerir-rl hat the Check vulve, 5t) opens inuurilli'. and this upon the suction -stroke of the fi iston. so that, upon will he admitted to the compression of the engine. pressure condition therein.r thin4 larger volume of nir to he noter engine piston 3l und (mnsequenti7 a higher degree of operating fluid fuese-,ure to uctuate the pump und supply tho pri-,i-eoi'upro-sed charge to the compression chamber of this stroke from nir l wtzihlishing :in atmospherir producing :i l upon by the for suppiying utniospheriu air to the engine cylinder is alito of particular imporiunre in a pump such :is which u pairt of the nir impressed in the engine c'xjlinderis recom-- pressed and forced into the tire, as h v this means the siuipliing of fresh puro nir to tho tire assured. lf the only fiir supply for the engine cylinder were through the ozirhureter, it will be seen that :t mixture of air und gasolene vapor would he forced into the tire, which might he very injurious to the rubber in the latter. lt will he understood that any menus for surnilying fresh nir to the engine Cylinde 'muy lie employed, although the inlet for this purpose pretef'\,hl' ,f formed in the pump instead of in lin this way the mero detachment of the pump und the insertion ot the spark plug in its socket in the engine cylinder serres to place the cylinder in condition for the normal operation of the engine No special construction or modification of any part ot the engine or its fuel "onnerftione is required as the pump itself contains all the necessary elements to insure its satisfactory opersition when screwed into piece on the engine cylinder.

Controlling the outlet ot" the pump, l provide u ball valve i3 which is held to its Seat, hv n. light cou'ipression spring 13'. his @heult i'nlre :nts 'to prevent. the air from returning from the outlet 14 after it is once .wziiuuessetl und forced therethrough. ln f rfer to cushion the ends of the strokes of thtl ditierential piston, .l preferably provide f iitnhle @lush-pot means Comprising the annular extension 23 und the complemental annular socket Q4. lt, wili he apparent that es these parts are brought; together, nir will he trapped `Within the socket 24 forming a rushion on the upward excursion of the clifierential piston, To cushion they down stroke :in extension 1S is provided which fits within the llore or passage i. lt will he nppurent that as the, extension enters the pus nog the air will be similarly trapped hei u een the power side of the piston 6 and the hottoin wall of the cylinder l, thus; cushion ing: the downward ex'fursion of the piston. ln order to prevent or relieve :my tendency touurd 'vacuum Within the Chamber ot'. the evlindei: l, nhui'e the power piston, ports .7

re provided 'we ingress and egress of the nir.

The og'lerntinn is as foliows: lt will he understood that, 'in n founoyole engine, owing to the inlet and exhaust vulve opera-- in the sido wall to permit the tion. there will he hut two active or power strokes of the engine pistou on each cycle which een he :trailed of in :i pump of this fissumingr that the exhaust valve is and the inlet vulve is open, the oarveine throttled as is usual, the en- Gloria gine piston 31 on its downward stroke creates a suction which will cause the inlet or breather valve 50 to become. unseatcd and fresh air from the atmosphere to be sucked in through the passages 5 and l to the coinpression space above the, engine piston Bl. The engine piston 3i, upon its succeeding compressing excursion, cumprcsscs the air within the engine cylinder and forces it into the pump. a part passingr up through the passage 18 Vof the hollow piston rod S. through ports 22 into the pressure storage chamber formed between` the power side ot the piston 7 and the stuiiin,f Y box or partition 16, another portionv entering` beneath the power side of the piston (i. This Huid pressure exerting itself upon 'the under or power sides of the pistons 6 and T, actuates the differential piston upon its compressing or active stroke. compressing the pre-compressed fluid in the compression chamber of the cylinder 2 and forcing it through the outlet to the tire. At this stage of the operationit will be observed that a pre-compressed charge of air is lodged within the pressure storage chamber or space formed. between the partition or stuliing box 1G and the under or power side ofthe piston 7, the valve 19 havingy reseated itself as soon as the.- charge is fully lodged within the storage chamber. This fluid under, pressure is automatically transferred to the compression space above the piston 7 os the piston descends prepara tory to its next compression stroke. the luid -under pressure p rising around the periph-l eral edge of the guide and cup-shaped Washer which forms'the pist-on V7." It will hc luiden stood that upon the succeedinnr .stroke the cup-shaped washer is caused to expand outwardly against the wall ot the cylinder, act. ing as a valve in 'the avell known manner. When the. engine piston descends again on its next active suction stroke the pressure innnediately relieved from the under side of the power piston and what remaiuin; Y pressure there is in chamber Q above the piston 7 tends to force the differential piston downwardly A repetition `of the coinpression stroke of the engine. piston will cause the differential piston to move upwardly and compress the pre-conipressed contents of the compression space above the piston 'i' to a higher pressure and force it to the tire.

In. some of the claims the compression chamber is referred toas having a movable wall. this expression being intended, to designate broadly that part of the Comores I sion chamber which movable so as to alter i the volume .of the chamber. Tn the exampler of my invention shown, the movable wall is? formed by the piston 7. The expressions cheek valve or check valve means used in the claims are intended to refer to any structure or arrangement permitting vthe passage of iiuids in one direction but preventing or substantially preventing vpassage in the other direction.

lVhile I have shown and described but one specific embodiment of my invention, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto but intend tol cover the principle of :ny invention broadly andin the many embodiments of which thatprinciple is susceptible.

Having thus described my. invention I claim: 4

i. A pump, comprising the combination with av power chamber, a compression cham.

ber of less diameter, power and compression pistons in the respective chambers.A connected with each other, a passage leading from the power chamber to the compression chamber below the piston therein, and a check valve iii said passage, seating against pressure from the. power chamber, said smaller chainber piston being adapted to permit air t0 pass from below the piston to the space above it during its down stroke.

pump. comprising a pair of cylinders ot different diameters connected end-to end, pistons in said cylinders, a partition wall between the pistons, a tubular piston rod extending through the partition wall and connected with the pistons. said wall having packing bearing upon said rod, and said rod aiording communication between the spaces lbelow the 'respective pistonspa valve arranged 'To permit delivery from below the larfrei nston to the ace below the smaller piston, said smaller cylinder being provided with a valved outlet at its upper end, and said larger cylindecha'ving a tubular inlet at itsI lower end adapted to be connected with a source of pressure supply, and means for permitting' iiuid to pass the smaller piston duringv its movement in the direction of the larger cylinder.

fi. In combination with a prime mover provided with a compression chaml'ier` of an air pump. communicating with and connected thereto, said pump having two connected cvlinders, a differential piston in said cylin ders. a. valve-controlled communicating passage-way between said cylinders; said piston being operated by the pressure and suction created within the prime mover and means tor preventing any vacuum that mav be caused by suction during the suction operation of the prime mover` b v admittingr air to the saine to secure an atn'iosphei'ic pressure therein piiiparatory to its compression operation.Y

4. ln combination with a prime mover provided with a compresion chamber and a piston therein, of a detachabl l. air pump having a plurality of connected cylinders olV relatively different diameters, a floating ditfeiential piston in Asaid pump, said piston :1 vnivcd passage-Way therethrough, piston iie-:iiis in (11u-.i1 cylinder :it the cuffia of the connecting 10d; Suid limiting ',iistnu being opcrateri by thi: prL-sure. :1nd suctigin #routed :ini-iii;r the :11;11'1-:11 :1111i 11111111151 for :11i miti-ing air to the roini'iresf sion chamber of the primo mover upon the suction siwki of iiie pistou tu arcuri: :111 :1timrspirir. r11-551.11@ therein iiz'opfimtury to vur'ii unrkingj impulso (et the 111151111115.:

5:'1'11 vom, i. 1011 uitl :1 prime mover provided with :1 ou ci mbar :1111i ruiity uf pistm1'i1eads-iiiuuuicii ta work i11 luiismi, :1 vuivcfi commuiiirni'i115; png' j 11'111' igudiug from 011C Cyiir'iderto tie other? Suid fion-'ing pis-fm1 bring operatori by the p.1e.'

Sure arid 'surtiuri Created by the ope'aiuu of cylinders.

:1 i r tu guru pi'essid when said pistou .and mrs'. :1h12 W111i :ire actuated.

l?. :111 intel-11:11 ':mnbustirn-engine o.' :1 pump fuif-:ing 1119:*1115 to rece-.ive Compressed Huid from Suid cylinder, :1nd means ope'raed'by Fluid compressed in. Said engine cyiirid fue' ruii'ipiws'sing tu '11 higher pressure uid pri iousiy received in said pump fr0-m :said en t21111: @finden if). 'The 1r ':111i i1'1:1 tif111 with one. if finder o :111 imernfii cumbuaiion' ruggine, of 11l pump runner-teil therewith :11111 provided with :1

,:1 111 Jiii'ye'Cylinder' internati 'Combusti@` supplying :1i1 in :mid chamber t a pressure great-r1- tiizii'i :1t111ospi10ric, :1ndmeans Vfor `.11 ilizing tiuzeiicrg'y of lie'fn inc en'gine piston for further ruiuprc'ssiiug the' air 111 the said rhiunhci.

Agimf4` off :1 pump connected to 'said cilinder :1111icmuprisiug'u -powier cylinder haffv'mg a,

fur'tiiri: coiiiprss 'the air in .thecomprefssion 1:121111'111121' (if the pump.

(Iii The cmnbiuution with `oni-L Cyli'udor of" :i-i'nuitipie f fli11:i111 internal combustion c11- giue, ci :1 pump connected with :1nd opcifitcd #111111" Suid c viiniier, sairipump liziving :1

111111121' chumiwr- :1111i :1 roinpresp'ion (:iifuiiher: 11:11:11:.` 'for i11tr111lucing.Huid under .pressure .into sziiii'cmupressioii 1311211111011, means for' iuiimluuing ufifi under p1ess11'rf 1fo11 1 said H. The. Combination :1 umiliple ryiiudci'intox-1111i piubiiStirn-1 (1.11-

rcmpgfrsgiug, 1 11j. out-sideV of Suid 0.( 11np1eSSior1-V The. coiizhirmtion with one cyliiner of pressed air to said compression cylinder, 19. The combination with one cylinder of and means for utilizing the air compressed a multiple cylinder internal combustion enin saidfngine Icylinder for operating said gine, of a pump having two cylinders of power piston,` said powei Eton-"actuating different diameters,v the larger of said cyl- 5 said compessingpiston to urther compress indcrs constituting a power cylinder and 70 the air in said compressing cylinder. connecting with the interior of said engine 15. Apparatus for compressing air comcylinder, a piston working in said power prisingv a easing, power and compression cylinder and adapted. to be reciprocated by pistons within the casing, a passage whereby alternate pressure and suction in said engine l fluid under pressure may p ass to the power cylinder, the smaller of said cylinders hav- 75 applying'lside of the' power pist'on tro lop-` ing a piston therein dividing said cylinder crat(` said power piston, a valved passage in to a compression chamber and a pressure whereby a portion of said uid is permitted strage chamber, means affording a passage to be passed to a point on the low compresfor air from said pressure storage chamber l sion side of the'compression piston during to said compression chamber, and a check 30 one stroke o f the power piston, and means valve' controlled passage for admitting air for permitting fluid to pass from the low into said pressure storage chamber.r compression side of the compression piston 2'0. The combination with a prime mover to the high compression side thereof, during provided with a compression chamber and thc nextstroke off /thel powerfpistonin the a piston therein, of a detachable air pump 35 opposite direction. provided 'with means for admitting air to 16. The combination with one cylinder ofA the compression chamber ofthe prime mover an internal combustion engine of an air'comto secure 'an 'atmospheric pressure therein pression pump having a power cylinder and preparatory'to each working impulse'ofl the 5 acom ression cylinder, sai,VA crmpressi'on cylpiston, apiston within sai p'ump actuated 99 inder' eilig of less diameter thanleaid power fluid compressed bythe piston of'said cylinder, pistons' wrlring in said cylinders', prime mover, means for introducing flluidfso a hollow rod connecting said pistons vand compressed into a compression eharriberof forming a pas'sagcbetween the power applythe pump, and means actuated by'tlyie ump ing side of the piston in the power 'cylinder pistonI for further' compressing sfaid fluid 9,5

and the compression cylinder of 'the pump, whensaid pump piston i's acted lipon 'by said a check valve in'sid passageway permitting fluid' from the 'cylinder of the p'rlin'e mover. the passage of air 'into the "compression cyl- 21. An impulse compression p'ump cominder, a passage arranged to connect the prising a power cylinder having a tubular power cy indeiof the pump withtheehgine stem at one 'ndthereof, a 'checklvlvc'on- 100 cylinder, and a check valve controlled pasl tiolled passage opening into said stem,' a sage for supplying atmospheric air to the second cylinder of less diameter-than said power cylinder of the pumpnand to the enpower cylinder, connected pistons working gine cylinder. e in said cylinders, a check valve controlled 4o 17. In an impulse pump, the combination assage leading from said power cylinder 105 of a power chamber, a pressure storage Eelow the piston therein to said compression chamber and a compression chamber, concylinder, and a discharge port in said comnected pistons adapted to reciprocate relapression cylinder above the piston therein. tively to said chambers, means for supply- 22. In a fluid compression pump adapted ing compressed fluid simultaneously to the to be operated from one cylinder of an in- 110 power chamber and to the pressure storage ternal combustion engine, the combination chamber during a stroke in one direction, of a power chamber, a lpressure storage and means` for transferring the compressed 4chamber and a compression chamber, a movfluid fronithe pressure storage chamber toable member having a part working in said the compressing chamber during the sucpower chamber and havinga part forming a 115 ceedin stroke in the reverse direction. movable wall for said compression chamber,

18. n a fluid compression pump, the commeans for introducin air under pressure bination of a power chamber, a passage arinto said storage cham er during the moveranged to admit pressure to the power chamment of `said movable member in one direcber, a pressure storage chamber, a communition and means for passing said air under 120 cation between said chambers controlled by pressure to said com ression chamber dura one-way valve, a compression chamber, a ing the movement o? said member in the movable wall separating said compression opposite direction. chamber from said pressure storage chamber, 23. The combination with one cylinder of and means for permitting fluid to pass from an internal combustion engine of a pump, 12 the pressure storage chamber to the comcomprising power and compression cylinpression chamber during one stroke of the ders, power and compression pistons inthe said movable wall, said movable Wall being respective c linders, said power cylinder operated by alternate compression and sucbeing provi ed with an inlet whereby that tion in the power chamber. portion of the power cylinder on one side 130 of the piston th rf-,in muy have Qomniunirn tion with Hw vylinrler of the internal coni busion engine mill power piston living; operated by alternate Compression and suction creamed Within the engine eylimler, und a mired passagewhereby fluid may pues from the power cylinder on the po\verupplying side of the piston therein to the liiglncompression side of the piston, in the compression cylinder.

E24. The combination with one cylinder of a multiple cylinder internal zolnlinstion engine oi' a pump connevteil therewith compriaing' a power cylirnler, d pis-ton Working therein unil :1 eouujreesion chamber includ ing n nim able wall operatively Conneoted to :aid piston, said plump iXmlufling :i check valve Controlled puauge for adlniting ab mospheric air into Sanl engine cylinder, said nir being compressed in said engine Cylinder und Serving to operate the power pistou in said pump, und n vulve Controlla-:l passage for conducting a part of said :iii: to the cmu pression chamber of said pump, whereby when Suid pump is operarerl by ulernfite comprension and suction in said engine Cylinder, a 'part of the fresh air drown into the Said engine ry'linuer will lie oonilinresse-,il fano forced into the eonipreseion chamber of saisi puuip und nrtl'ier ffon'ipresi-,erl by the action ol' the reni-iiinrler rf said :nir upon the powurpiston of said pump.

The combination with one cylinder o an internal combustion engine of apparatus for compu seing air. comprising a raising, a Compression chamber wihin said casing, a movable element in Suid raising for comn pressirg dir in Suid runny-remoti flmmber, a passogr. arranged to perini minpressed lui to pass from the engine vyliinlcr t0 Said 'casing to Actuate said nio-mille element, and a 'vulverl passage arranged lo permit a portion of Suid fluid to im ro the foinpression chamber to b" further compressed by Said movable element.

2F Appuraius for ooiiipressing air oo nlpr ig :i raising containing :i compression rinunoer uml two power clinnibers, ci` movtzlilo element in @unl wiring adopted when @pointed to fsoinprees fluir! in anni compres- Lion rluuuber. mennev for admitting fluid to said power clnxnihers to more said element on its Compression sliroke. and means for permitting fluid *to pass from one of said power banniere to the @onlinr-Sinin chamber during tlxe idle stroke of guill Qleunrnt.

VWitness whereof I 'mire hereunto set nl); lian in the presence or me. subscribing witnesses,

C. GOULD WELD,

Writneee WASHINGTON R. TAYLQB Eimsrigs T. Bmnsia. 

